Top five states in India with highest installed electricity generation capacity
| Type | Maharashtra | Uttar Pradesh |
|---|
| Total Thermal | 23,415 | 11,073 |
| Nuclear | 690 | 336 |
| Hydro | 3,332 | 1,847 |
| RES* | 4,497 | 824 |
Sidrapong Hydroelectric Power Station
The countries got technology transfer from India in the field of hydro power are Nepal, Afghanistan,Bhutan, Myanmar, etc.
The first demonstration of electric light in India was conducted in Kolkata (then Calcutta) mid-1879 during British colonization of the sub-continent. A few decades later, the success of the demo was extended to Mumbai (then Bombay) to set up a generating station to power a tramway in 1905.
The hydro-electric power plants at Darjeeling and Shivanasamudram were established in 1898 and 1902, respectively. They were among the first in Asia and India has been a dominant player in global hydroelectric power development.
Koyna Dam
| Koyna Dam ????? ??? |
|---|
| Construction began | 1956 |
| Opening date | 1964 |
| Owner(s) | Government of Maharashtra |
| Dam and spillways |
Pakistan has a total installed power generation capacity of over 38,719 MW as of 30th June 2020. Furnace oil (16 percent), hydel (27 percent), natural gas (12 percent), LNG (26 percent), coal (9 percent), renewable (solar and wind 5 percent) and nuclear (5 per cent) are the principal sources.
1 Chashma Nuclear Power Plant
There are around 42 independent power producers (IPPs) that contribute significantly in electricity generation in Pakistan. As of 2016, more than 99% of its population on average has access to electricity.
There are five operating nuclear power plants and two under construction in Pakistan. The nuclear power technology infrastructure and domestic workforce are poised to support the State's nuclear power expansion programme of 8800 MW by the year 2030.
Activities in PakistanThis project includes the construction of four Grid Stations including 500 kV Grid Stations at New Lahore (Punjab) and Shikarpur (Sindh) and 220 kV Grid Stations at Gujrat and Chistian (Punjab) along with associated transmission lines.
Generation: Electricity is generated by the state owned Water and Power Development Authority (WAPDA) as well as by several private power produces, all of which operate within one system under the Pakistan Electric Power Company.
Taichung Power Plant, TaiwanTaichung power plant in Longjing, Taichung, Taiwan, is the world's biggest thermal power station. It is a coal fired power station with an installed capacity of 5,788MW owned and is operated by the state-owned Taiwan Power Company (Taipower).
More than 150 countries produce some hydroelectricity, although around 50% of all hydro-power is produced by just four countries: China, Brazil, Canada, and the United States. China is by far the largest hydro-power producer on the planet, as shown in the figure below.
Hydroelectric power is produced with moving waterAt hydropower plants water flows through a pipe, or penstock, then pushes against and turns blades in a turbine to spin a generator to produce electricity. Most U.S. hydropower facilities have dams and storage reservoirs.
Converting over 90% of available energy into electricity, hydropower is the most efficient source of electrical energy. By comparison, the best fossil fuel power plants operate at approximately 60% efficiency. Hydropower facilities have a very long service life, which can be extended indefinitely, and further improved.
"A hydraulic turbine converts the energy of flowing water into mechanical energy. A hydroelectric generator converts this mechanical energy into electricity.
The U.S. has 78 GW of hydroelectric capacity installed. In a year, these plants produce 272 TWh. Divide by 8766 hours in a year, and we find 0.031 TW (31 GW) of average power. This implies a 40% capacity factor.
Hydropower is one of the oldest power sources on the planet, generating power when flowing water spins a wheel or turbine. It was used by farmers as far back as ancient Greece for mechanical tasks like grinding grain. Hydropower is also a renewable energy source and produces no air pollution or toxic byproducts.
Reclamation powerplants annually generate more than 42 billion kWh of hydroelectric energy, which is enough to meet the annual residential needs of 14 million people or the energy equivalent of more than 80 million barrels of crude oil.
